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Multiple mouse models of allergic airways inflammation have been established to investigate the different features of asthma to date 10, 11. Thus, the presence of airway remodeling is essential for the utility of a comprehensive animal model of asthma. No therapy to date has been shown to reverse airway remodeling 6, 7, a key feature of asthma that can occur prior to the onset of symptoms 8, 9. It is increasingly recognized that asthma is a heterogeneous disease that can be clustered by different features, such as disease severity, predominant inflammatory phenotype (i.e., atopic, non-atopic, eosinophilic and/or neutrophilic), age of onset and response to corticosteroid therapy 1, 4, 5. The incidence of asthma continues to increase, despite the availability of effective bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory therapies 3. We conclude that this new 4-week HDM model is another useful tool in studies of human asthma that offers advantages of shorter duration for development and decreased costs when compared to other models that require longer durations of exposure (5–12 weeks) to develop.Īsthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that affects 235 million people worldwide, and is associated with a significant health and economic burden 1, 2. We found that 4 weeks of intranasal HDM (25 µg in 35 µl saline 5 days/week) resulted in AHR, airway inflammation and airway remodeling that were comparable to the 8-week model. In this report, we describe a 4-week mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airways inflammation, and compare the phenotypic features of two different doses of HDM exposures (10 µg and 25 µg) for 5 days/week with a well-characterized 8-week chronic HDM model. Models that also exhibit airway remodeling, a key feature of asthma, in addition to AHR and airway inflammation typically require 5–12 weeks to develop. The different allergic airways inflammation models available to date employ varying doses, frequency, duration and types of allergen, which lead to the development of different features of asthma showing varying degrees of airways inflammation and hyper-responsiveness (AHR) and airways remodeling.
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Animal models of allergic airways inflammation are useful tools in studying the pathogenesis of asthma and potential therapeutic interventions.